Finding the Roots of the Contemporary Problems of Tehrān Based On the Philosophical Hermeneutic Approach
Mehrdad
Rahmani
PhD Candidate in Urbanism, School of Urbanism, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Mohammad Mehdi
Azizi
Professor, School of Urban Planning, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Farshan
Nourian
Associate Professor, School of Urban Planning, College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Background: Today, Tehrān has many problems and we have named the most serious of them as the tribulations. These tribulations create conditions that pose a serious threat to the life and identity in Tehrān. So, the need to think about these tribulations and finding their roots has emerged.
Objectives: The present study tries to answer this question: what is the root of the contemporary problems in Tehrān? To address the tribulations of Tehrān, at first a philosophical framework was considered to address it through overviewing these tribulations and reviewing the related literature. Then, using the qualitative interpretive-hermeneutic method, based on the semi-structured in-depth interviews with experts, the roots of Tehrān's tribulations were discussed. The purpose of this method was not merely to provide an understanding of the interviewees, but to realize a shared understanding between the researchers and the interviewees.
Method: The data were analyzed using the open and axial coding techniques, and based on the hermeneutical circle.
Result: The results showed that the main category influential on the contemporary tribulations of Tehrān is "the human behavior" which according to the rule of the hermeneutical circle is strongly influenced by the economic, cultural, social, educational, and intellectual contexts.
Conclusion: The human behavior is the central category and it is the cause of the contemporary tribulations of Tehrān, it is itself dialectically influenced by the mentioned contexts and also influential on them. Based on such teaching, the results of this research have been formulated.
Urban Planning Knowledge
University of Guilan
2645-5412
3
v.
3
no.
2019
1
20
https://upk.guilan.ac.ir/article_3768_0056551cb6064e48d56f8468f55c2f30.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22124/upk.2019.14691.1310
A New Formulation of the Concept of the Spatial Justice Discourse:
A Framework for the Analysis of Tehrān City
Mojtaba
Rafieian
Department of Urban Planning,Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
Iraj
Ghasemi
Assistant Professor, Department of Regional and Urban planning, Institute of Human and Social Science Research, Tehran, Iran
author
Kamal
Nouzari
Ph.D. Student, Geography and Urban Planning, Institute of Human and Social Science Research, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Background: The issue of justice and its link with the space in the form of the spatial justice discourse has become one of the main issues in the urban topics in the last two decades. The spatial sensitivity to the justice and knowing the processes and regulations leading to it is considered a very important issue, due to the extensive spatial changes in Tehrān, especially in the recent years. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to present a different analysis of the spatial justice discourse based on the dialectical formulation of this concept and its assessment in Tehrān. Method: It was a mixed methods study with a sequential exploratory design. Here, there is an initial phase of the qualitative data collection and analysis, followed by a phase of the quantitative data collection and analysis (with more emphasis on the first qualitative phase). So, after the final selection of the criteria of the spatial justice discourse and its components based on the theoretical frameworks, with regard to the dimensions considered for the research; at first, the urban management policy paper was evaluated based on these criteria and using the method of the theme analysis. Result: In the next step, the results of the urban management policy-making in the urban space have been examined through the quantitative method, the secondary analysis and the analysis of the statistical results. Conclusion: The results have been explained in the form of the two concepts of "justice/injustice of spatiality" and "spatiality of justice/injustice". Based on the first concept that implies the capacity of the existing structures to generate the injustice through space; some areas and dimensions of the spatial justice have been addressed relatively in the urban management policy paper. Based on the second concept, through which the injustice in the space could be understood by analyzing the distributive patterns, the spatiality of injustice has a concrete manifestation in the context of Tehrān, and the desired goals of the urban management policy making have not been met in many areas.
Urban Planning Knowledge
University of Guilan
2645-5412
3
v.
3
no.
2019
21
44
https://upk.guilan.ac.ir/article_3767_184d3637fd336a2cd0244d1dc30a1083.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22124/upk.2019.14284.1281
Evaluating the Factors Influential on the Realization of the Slow City Approach: Case Study of Mehrshahr (Karaj)
Kazem
Esmaeili
Ph.D. student of Urban Planning, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
author
Mohamma Reza
Khatibi
Assistant Professor of Department Urban planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban planning, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
author
Mohammad Reza
Pourjafar
Professor of the Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Background: The rapid growth of cities and the lack of attention to the spiritual needs in creating a calm enough for residents that has led to a decline in quality of life is a problem that most cities in the world are facing. To overcome these challenges, several perspectives have been developed to achieve sustainable development; one of the latest and most successful approaches is the Slow City Movement, which began in October 1999.
Objectives: This paper examines the origin, concept, characteristics and indicators of the Slow city and assesses the factors affecting the realization of the Slow city in Mehrshahr.
Method: The research method is a meta-analysis based on indigenous indices and questionnaires. After identifying the indicators of the Slow city from foreign studies and according to the situation in the study area, the overlap of the indicators based on the research topic and the ability to measure these indicators in the region has been made.
Result: According to the Delphi method, 36 indicators in 6 categories of components include: environmental protection, political infrastructure, urban quality, local products, hospitality and knowledge and information were extracted in order to assess the factors affecting the realization of the Slow city of Mehrshahr. Factor analysis of affecting the realization of Slow city in Mehr Shahr by using factor analysis, 5 categories of final factors affecting the realization of Slow city approach in Mehrshahr were obtained which explains the first factor of 13.77% of total variance and includes 9 main indicators affecting the realization of Slow city approach in Mehrshahr.
Conclusion: Slow City is a new approach to urban development management and planning. Because the Slow City focuses on the local resources, the self-sufficient economy, and the unique cultural and historical strengths of a city. The Slow City can also be seen as a strategy for achieving a cross between economic development, environmental and social justice goals.
Urban Planning Knowledge
University of Guilan
2645-5412
3
v.
3
no.
2019
45
64
https://upk.guilan.ac.ir/article_3763_4d8606ed623815f0193b7e750dad34df.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22124/upk.2019.13341.1202
Causal Layered Analysis of the Change in the Concept of the Neighborhood in Relation with the Sense of Belonging and Presenting the Alternative Scenarios
Azita
Belali Oskui
Associate Professor of Architecture and urban planning, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran
author
Mina
Heydari Turkmani
PhD Candidate in Architecture Urban, Tabriz Islamic Art University. Iran
author
Farbod
Diba
Faculty of Management, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Background: The urban neighborhoods have a long history, as old as the urbanity and they have undergone extensive changes over the time. During these changes, belonging to place which is one of the cornerstones of the relationship between the citizens and the living environment is going to be declined. The metaphor of the neighborhood and its changes in adaptation with the contemporary period is an issue that the planners, the urban designers and the architects should pay attention to it.Objectives: The objective of this research was to achieve the alternative futures based on the alternative metaphors of the neighborhood in relation with the sense of belonging and identifying the possible scenarios of the neighborhood in the future, in order to preserve the cultural, social and physical values of the neighborhood based on the sense of belonging to place.Method: Using a causal layered analysis method in four layers of analysis including "Lithuania", "macro social causes", "discourse – worldview" and "metaphor – myth", the present study attempted to achieve not only a clear understanding of the causes behind these changes, but also to present the alternative scenarios for the concept of the neighborhood in the future, based on the alternative metaphors of this concept, focusing on the sense of belonging to place.Result: Using the purposeful sampling, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with the experts who had sufficient knowledge and experience on the topic under the discussion and the sampling continued up to the theoretical saturation. Finally, the metaphors such as “Lack of spirit and meaning", "Confused", "fluid", "chaos", "boundless", "unidentity" was mentioned by the interviewees.Conclusion: Based on the results, four scenarios of the smart neighborhood, the global neighborhood, the sustainable neighborhood and the flexible neighborhood have been presented.
Urban Planning Knowledge
University of Guilan
2645-5412
3
v.
3
no.
2019
65
81
https://upk.guilan.ac.ir/article_3766_d90bbdd836285a9d613d7a89740bb737.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22124/upk.2019.14235.1275
A Typological Exploration of the Pathways in the Historic Urban Fabric of the Iranian Cities, Case Study of the Historic Urban Fabric of Shirāz (Irān)
Mahsa
Sholeh
Assistant professor of urban design at the School of Art and Architecture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
author
Sara
Yousefi Mashhour
MA Urban Design, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran. Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Background: Historical pathways have been a network of the interconnected routes that shaped the form, scale and the spatial distinctiveness of the public domain in the historic cities. The diversity of the form and physical characteristics of the pathways could lead to the development of a typological approach in which various criteria like how to form and the design, the shape, the lateral surfaces, the material and fabric of the surfaces, the indicative elements and the spatial proportions are taken into consideration. Objectives: The objective of this article is to review the characteristics and metrics of the historical pathways in Shiraz for the purpose of their analytical typology. Method: This article deals with the typological exploration ofthe historic urban fabric of Shirāz. So, a sample of twenty pathways which were of the most important ones of the urban fabrics with an appropriate dispersion has been analyzed. Using the analytical criteria derived from the previous studies and the field survey, the physical characteristics of each pathway have been recognized, analyzed and listed. Result: In the Iranian historic cities, the pathways give rise to a distinct image for its different parts. Accordingly, the variety of form and content, while sharing the same characteristics that can be conceived in each city for historic pathways, creates a distinct image for any of the city’s quarters; the unique features which characterize the historic and cultural realms of cities. Understanding of these place values and their re-evaluation of historical environments can serve as a mechanism for refining historical spaces and using them as redesign patterns. Conclusion: The results showed that despite the common basis of all the pathways as the components which form an interconnected network throughout the historic city, the characteristics of each pathway stemmed from the cultural context, location, function and its specified role leads to a diverse range of pathways, observing the design considerations which make the spatial diversity and continuity tangible. This diversity perfectly demonstrates the vast capacity of the historic urban fabric to create a multiplex integrity of the distinguished linear elements, the pathways, as a dynamic urban network.
Urban Planning Knowledge
University of Guilan
2645-5412
3
v.
3
no.
2019
83
108
https://upk.guilan.ac.ir/article_3762_5de1a1c54913ad9c6b0a316e4fea7475.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22124/upk.2019.12781.1175
The Qualitative Indicators of the Cultural Sustainability In Relation to the Quantitative Indicators of the Physical Density (Case Study: The Three Residential Complexes in Tabriz Metropolis)
Roshanak
Sakhinia
Ph.D student in architecture, Ardebil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
author
Islam
Karami
Assistant Prof. Department of Architecture, Ardebil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
author
Mojtaba
Rafieian
Associate Prof. Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modaress University, Tehran, Iran
author
Ali
Javan Forouzandeh
Assistant Prof. Department of Architecture, Ardebil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
author
text
article
2019
per
Background: Housing indicators are appropriate tools for assessing the criteria and the principles of the housing polices. Such indicators provide a visible and precise picture of the housing conditions and illustrate the shortcomings and the advancements in achieving the goals set by the housing sector. Unfortunately, the development of cites and the growth of the density indicator in order to answer the housing problem had a quantitative look and the quality was ignored in it. Objectives: The present study aims to establish a physical-cultural order, with an emphasis on density indicators and cultural indicators in line with residential sustainability programs to examine the role of density in the form and physicality and its effect on the cultural sustainability of the residential complexes. Method: : Utilizing the library research, field study and distributing questionnaires, this study will survey the three residential areas in the city of Tabriz with equal coefficient density indicator, but different physical structure and form, to examine the cultural sustainability ratio with regard to the six factors of justice, nature, proportions, privacy, security and participation. Result: The findings illustrate that: the first boundary (1), a group of semi-detached houses with gardens and average levels, with respect to privacy and observing the traditions urban life has an average level of sustainability. Furthermore, the third boundary (3), a residential complex built in block structure with high levels and in accordance with the present day needs of modern living has potentially fair (or good) level of sustainability. Finally, the second boundary (2), due to harmony in the physical structure and residents’ priorities, stands at the highest level of sustainability value having the (best) sustainable position. Conclusion: The results showed that in addition to the coefficient density indicator as the most prominent density indicator, sustainability within the boundaries is dependent to the quantitative sub-indicators of density like the height, the coating level, and the open space which again lead to the physical ordering of the set components.
Urban Planning Knowledge
University of Guilan
2645-5412
3
v.
3
no.
2019
109
130
https://upk.guilan.ac.ir/article_3765_f3c17a1e8d7888ba2eddf8324a733625.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22124/upk.2019.14027.1262
Typological Analysis of the Urban texture with Emphasis on the Identification of the Informal Neighborhoods (Case Study of the Urmia City)
Mahdi
Mohammadi
Assistant Professor, Dep. of Geography, PNU, Iran
author
Ali
Khajeh Mokhtari
MA in GIS
author
text
article
2019
per
Background: Today's informal neighborhoods are one of the major issues in the large cities. There are many reasons for the formation of these types of fabrics in cities. Urmia city which is one of the relatively large cities of Irān and the second important settlement center in the northwestern part of it faces the problem of suburbs in its body.
Objectives: This research, which identifies and describes the type of the informal fabrics in Urmia, is applied in terms of its objectives and it is analytical-descriptive in terms of nature and methodology.
Method: For this purpose, at first, five basic criteria with seven sub-criteria that are involved in the typology and identification of the informal fabrics were selected. Then, the conceptual model and the internal relation between the criteria were organized by the ANP network model. After that, using the Super Decisions software, the final weight of the indicators was obtained and using ArcGIS, all the relevant information layers were formed. After creating the map from the mentioned layers, by applying the weight of the criteria, and the combination and overlapping of the layers, the overall condition of the city of Urmia was obtained in terms of the values of the urban fabric indicators and typology.
Result: Finally, by appropriate classifications in the ArcGIS environment, the informal and marginal neighborhoods were fully identified and determined.
Urban Planning Knowledge
University of Guilan
2645-5412
3
v.
3
no.
2019
131
152
https://upk.guilan.ac.ir/article_3764_2d2a3a02cc7bf845715a85294249406f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22124/upk.2019.13532.1213