Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Urban Planning Ph.D. candidate at Iran University of Science and Technology
2
Professor of Urban Design, School of Architecture and Environmental Design,Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
3
Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background: Water is the largest resource entering the cities, and the water cycle as the central part of nature located in urban geography received the most impact from urbanization among other natural resources. Due to the growth and development of cities and the corresponding increase in water demand, besides Impenetrability of urban area, the quantitative and qualitative degradation of water resources has intensified. One of the most important problems caused by water shortage in urban areas, especially groundwater depletion, has caused problems such as land subsidence. Therefore, it is necessary to use an approach commensurate with urban development to deal with declining aquifers.
Objectives: Given the many problems associated with groundwater problems in arid and semi-arid countries and the importance of conserving these vital resources, the purpose of this study is to use an approach based on water-sensitive urban design to control aquifer declines in urban areas. In this research, an attempt has been made to use the water-sensitive urban design approach to reduce the effects of urban development and related problems, such as reducing the permeability of the land surface.
Method: Using a physical-behavioral simulation in an urban environment, tools based on water-sensitive urban design, such as permeable asphalt, wetlands, and rubber dams, will recharge the aquifer in an urban area and increase land permeability. The quantitative status of the aquifer in the west of Tehran has been studied as a case study.
Result: The current development of Tehran and the decline of the aquifer level with the current rate will create serious issues for the aquifer. Due to water extraction for various uses in the western part of Tehran and the impermeability of urban lands, the application of water-sensitive urban design tools can be effective to control aquifer decline in the study area.
Conclusion: The proposed method is effective in controlling groundwater depletion from the perspective of water-sensitive urban design, but due to the current water consumption in this area and conditions related to land subsidence, it is necessary to use non-structural approaches along with structural approaches.
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