تدقیق جایگاه و فرآیند هیجان‌های فردی در چارچوب تعاملی انسان و محیط

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

بیان مسئله: محیط می‌تواند سبب ایجاد هیجان‌های مثبت و منفی در شهروندان گردد. بخش مهمی از اهمیت هیجان به‌دلیل تأثیری است که بر رفتار افراد دارد. زیرا هیجان یکی از اجزاء اصلی رفتار اجتماعی است و استخراج پاسخ‌­های هیجانی یکی از بهترین راه­‌های فهم تجربه و ادراک است. مروری توصیفی بر مطالعات انجام‌شده نشان می‌دهد تاکنون به جایگاه و سازوکار فرایندهای هیجانی در تعامل انسان و محیط کمتر توجه شده‌است. تدقیق جایگاه هیجان در چارچوب تعامل انسان و محیط در لایه‌ای عمیق‌تر، مستلزم کشف سازوکار هیجان و ارتباط آن با تعامل انسان- محیط است که دغدغه این پژوهش است.
هدف: هدف پژوهش آن است که به کمک حوزه‌های مطالعاتی مکمل به جایگاه فرآیندهای عاطفی و هیجانی در چارچوب تعامل انسان و محیط دست یابد.
روش: روش­تحقیق، تحلیل­محتوای کیفی است. در مرحلة اول، با تحلیل مقایسه‌ای پژوهش‌های صورت­گرفته، مدل اولیه تعامل انسان و محیط ارائه و سپس از­طریق تحلیل­محتوای مطالعات حوزه روانشناسی هیجان، سازوکار فرآیندهای هیجانی استنتاج شده­است. محصول نهایی تحقیق، تدقیق جایگاه فرآیند هیجانی در مدل­جامع تعامل انسان و محیط است.
یافته‌ها: در چارچوب پیشنهادی ارائه­شده مشخص­شد علاوه ­بر دو فرآیند شناختی و تفسیری تأثیرگذار بر رفتار که تحت‌تأثیر شرایط ادراک­کننده و شرایط محیط ­فیزیکی روی‌ می‌دهد،  وقتی فرد در محیط با پتانسیل هیجانی قرارگیرد، فرآیندهای هیجانی روی می‌دهد که یا می‌تواند در سطح ادراک هیجانی باقی بماند و یا درصورت ایجاد انگیختگی توسط محرک هیجانی به تجربه هیجانی منجرگردد. در نهایت تجربه و یا ادراک هیجانی می‌تواند تحت‌تاثیر فرآیندهای مرحله بالاتر به‌ترتیب منجر به رفتار و احساس خاصی در محیط و یا ارزیابی عاطفی آن گردد.
نتیجه­ گیری: کیفیت عاطفی و هیجانی ادراک­شده از محیط نیز هم تحت‌تأثیر ویژگی‌های محیطی احساس­شده و هم ویژگی‌های فردی است و می‌تواند یکی از مهم‌ترین مؤلفه‌های سه‌گانه رفتاری باشد که ضرورت توجه و تنظیم محرک­های هیجانی محیط را برای طراحان و برنامه ریزان محیطی نشان می­دهد.

تازه های تحقیق

  • در پاسخ‌های هیجانی- عاطفی به محیط، داده‌های حسی منجر به ادراک هیجانی و یا در صورت برانگیختگی منجر به تجربه هیجانی شده و هنگامی­ که به مرحله آگاهانه برسند، نتیجه یا ارزیابی عاطفی محیط و یا احساسات آگاهانه و نیات رفتاری است. این امر نشان از اهمیت تنظیم نوع محرک­ و سطح تحریک در طراحی و برنامه­ریزی محیطی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Scrutinizing the Position and Process of Emotions in the Interactive Framework of Humans and the Environment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmat Paikan 1
  • Mohammadreza Pourjafar 2
  • Ehsan Ranjbar 3
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: The environment can cause positive and negative emotions in the citizens. An important part of the importance of emotions is due to the impact on people's behaviors. Because the extraction of emotional responses is one of the best ways to understand different fields of experience and perception. A descriptive review of studies has shown that the mechanism of emotional processes in human-environment interaction have not been considered so much in studies. Scrutinizing the place of emotions in the framework of human-environment interaction in deeper layers, requires the discovery of the emotional mechanism and its relationship with the human-environment interaction, which is the main concern of this research.
Objectives: This research seeks to provide a comprehensive framework for human interaction with the environment by exploring the position and mechanism of emotional processes with the help of complementary fields of study.
Methodology: The research method is qualitative content analysis. In the first step, by comparative analysis of the researches, the initial research model is presented. Then, by analyzing the content of studies in the field of emotion psychology, the mechanism of emotional processes has been inferred. The conclusion of the research is to Scrutinize the place of the emotional process in the model of human-environmental interaction.
Results: In the proposed framework, it was found that in addition to two cognitive and interpretive processes affecting behavior that occur under the influence of perceptual conditions and environmental and physical conditions, emotional processes occur when a person is in an environment with emotional potential. Which can either remain at the level of emotional perception or lead to emotional experience if motivated by emotional stimuli. Finally, experience or emotional perception can, under the influence of higher-level processes, lead to certain behaviors and feelings in the environment or its emotional evaluation.
Conclusion: The perceived emotional quality of the environment is also affected by both the perceived environmental characteristics and the individual characteristics and can be one of the most important triple behavioral components. This shows the importance of attention to the emotional stimuli of the environment in environmental design and planning.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Emotion
  • Environment
  • Human-environment interaction
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