واکاوی اثرگذاری دگرگونی و تغییرات شهری بر دلبستگی مکانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده پردیس بین المللی فارابی، دانشگاه هنر تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی/ دانشگاه هنر

3 دانشیار و عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر تهران

چکیده

بیان مسأله: مسئله‌ی اصلی پژوهش، تصور کاهش احساس پیوند میان شهروندان و محیط زندگی آن‌ها است. در واقع اگر به شهر، سرعت و میزان تغییرات شهری در ابعاد گوناگون کالبدی، عملکردی، اجتماعی و... دقت شود، عدم تطابق این تغییرات با فرآیندهای ادراکی انسان‌ها، تصور اولیه را تایید می‌کند. تغییرات محیط شهری به‌واسطه‌ی پیامدهای خواسته و یا ناخواسته گوناگون، باعث ایجاد چالش‌های بسیار می‌شوند. بررسی‌ها حاکی از آن است که تاثیر پیامدهای مذکور غالبا از جنبه‌های کمّی مورد مطالعه و برنامه‌ریزی قرار گرفته است. اما به تاثیر این پیامدها بر فرآیندهای اجتماعی و تعاملی انسان‌ها با محیط شهری به-خصوص دلبستگی مکانی، کمتر پرداخته شده است.

هدف: بازیابی و معرفی نقش اجزای شکل‌دهنده‌ی دگرگونی، تغییرات شهری و دلبستگی مکانی و هم‌چنین تاثیر و رابطه آن‌ها بر یک‌دیگر را می‌توان به‌عنوان هدف اصلی پژوهش تعریف نمود.

روش: برای پیشبرد پژوهش، به روش توصیفی و بر پایه مطالعات اسنادی، به‌ بررسی آراء و نظرات صاحب‌نظران در ارتباط با تغییرات شهری و دلبستگی مکانی پرداخته می‌شود. در تحلیل یافته‌ها از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و نیز روش فراترکیب استفاده می‌گردد. منظور از روش فراترکیب، ترکیب تفسیرهای داده‌های مطالعات منتخب به‌منظور کشف مفاهیم و استعاره‌های جدید است.

یافته‌ها: پی بردن به تفاوت‌ها و جایگاه هر یک از مفاهیم دگرگونی، انتقال و تغییرات شهری، به انواع فرآیند تغییرات شهری و روابط آن‌ها با یک‌دیگر، به عوامل موثر بر ادراک فرد از تغییرات محیط شهری، به مفهوم دلبستگی مکانی و عوامل موثر و اثرپذیر از آن و در نهایت ارائه مدل و چارچوبی برای پی ‌بردن به چگونگی تاثیر مفاهیم مذکور، از یافته‌های پژوهش می‌باشد.

نتیجه‌گیری: دگرگونی و تغییرات شهری بر رابطه افراد با مکان به خصوص بر دلبستگی مکانی تاثیرگذار است، و همچنین کیفیت، میزان و سرعت تغییرات با دلبستگی مکانی ساکنان شهر، ارتباطی خاص و معنادار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Impact of Urban Transformation and Changes on Place Attachment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Kashi 1
  • Maryam Mohammadi 2
  • Mitra Habibi 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Urban development, Faculty of Farabi International Campus, University of Art, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Urban development, Faculty of Architecture & Urban development, University of Art, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tehran University of Art, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Background: The main issue of this study is the supposition of reducing the sense of connection between inhabitants and their living environment. In fact, if the speed and amount of urban changes in various dimensions: physical, functional, social, etc. is considered, the incompatibility of these changes with human perceptual processes confirms the initial idea. Urban change causes many challenges due to various desired or unintended consequences. Researches indicate that the impact of these consequences has often been studied and planned in quantitative terms, but their impact on human social processes and interactions with the urban environment, especially place attachment has been less investigated and studied.

Objectives: The present study aims to examine and introduce each of the components of transformation, urban changes and place attachment, as well as their impact and relationship with each other.

Methodology: In this study, a descriptive approach based on documentary studies is employed to investigate experts' opinions in relation to urban change and place attachment. In the analysis of findings, the qualitative content analysis method and the meta-synthesis method are used. The meta-synthesis method aims to combine interpretations of selected study data in order to discover new concepts and metaphors.

Results: In the present study, considerable insight is provided into the differences and the position of each of the concepts of transformation, transition and urban changes, and also into different kinds of the process of urban change and their relations, the factors affecting the perception of changes in the urban environment, the concept of place attachment and factors that influence and are influenced by it. In the end, a model and framework is provided for understanding the impact of these concepts.

Conclusion: Urban transformations and changes have influence on the relationship between people and place, particularly on place attachment. Furthermore, the changing quality, amount and speed relate to the residents’ place attachment in a special and significant way.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • transformation
  • transition
  • urban changes
  • place attachment
  • city
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