بازشناسی مولفه‌های مسکن بومی از نظرگاه زیست پذیری( نمونه مورد مطالعه: شهر املش*)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادگروه مهندسی طراحی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران .

3 استادیارگروه معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

4 دانشیارگروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران .

10.22124/upk.2024.19759.1648

چکیده

بیان مسأله: دردنیای معاصر نمایانی معماری بومی کم‌رنگ شده و بافت‌ شهرها، شکلی متفاوت و مدرن را پذیرفته‌اند، زیست‌پذیری بر کیفیت زندگی، قابلیت پایداری، کیفیت مکان و اجتماع سالم تمرکز دارد و مسکن زیست‌پذیر به‌عنوان پیشنهاد صاحب‌نظران برای دستیابی به‌مکان مناسب زندگی است.
هدف: این پژوهش، شناخت مولفه‌ها و دست‌یابی به‌راهکارهایی به‌منظور ارتقای زیست‌پذیری مسکن معاصر با توجه ‌به عناصر ساختاری مسکن بومی است.مقاله با بررسی بناهای بومی شهر املش، به‌عنوان نمونه‌های واجد ارزش در استان گیلان، به اثرگذاری عناصر معماری این بوم، بر زیست‌پذیری پرداخته است. پرسش پژوهش عبارتست از: عناصر مسکن بومی شهر املش چه تاثیری بر زیست‌پذیری دارند؟ چه ویژگی‌هایی از معماری بومی املش، برای ارتقای زیست‌پذیری مسکن معاصر، قابل دستیابی است؟.
روش: روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و در پارادایم ساختارگرایی، در زمره پژوهش‌های کاربردی کیفی قرار دارد.چارچوب محتوایی تحقیق متکی بر آرای راپاپورت مبنی‌بر تاثیرپذیری شکل معماری از فرهنگ است. ابزار پژوهش در بخش نظری بر مطالعات اسنادی و در بخش موردپژوهی بر مطالعات میدانی استوار است.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که خصوصیات زیست‌پذیری در مسکن بومی، متاثر از عناصر و فضاهای کارکردی این معماری بوده که درنمونه‌های موردی و عملکرد اجزای ساختاری مشهود است.از نتایج این تحقیق می‌توان به‌خصیصه‌های زیست‌پذیریِ مشاهده شده در معماری خانه‌های شهر املش از جمله سازگاری ساختار فیزیکی خانه با محیط پیرامونی، تامین رفاه و راحتی، حس تعلق به‌مکان و هویت‌مندی، رضایت ساکنان، و نیز کیفیت مناسب زندگی، اشاره کرد که عمدتاً بر ویژگی‌های ذهنی تاکید دارد.
نتیجه‌گیری:نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش‌، خصوصیات کیفی زیست‌پذیری مسکن بومی، با ارایه تمهیداتی برای رسیدن به کیفیت مناسب، برای مسکن معاصر پیشنهاد شده‌است
نکات برجسته:زیست پذیری در حل چالش های پیش رو شهروندان به معنای آینده پُر رونق ، زنده و پاسخگو و تامین کننده کیفیت مناسب زندگی است. این امر مستلزم تحقق سه هدف ، اجتماعات سرزنده، اقتصاد پویا و محیط زیست پایدار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Recognizing the components of indigenous housing from livability perspective: (Case study: Amlash city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • alireza Padashi Amlashi, 1
  • Homa Irani Behbahani 2
  • mojgan khakpour 3
  • Alireza Bandarabad 4
1 Ph.D Student, Architecture Department, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Environment Design Engineering Department, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Art, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Urban Planning Department, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background : In today’s world where the indigenous architecture has faded and the urban fabrics have taken a different modern form, the subject of livability focuses on quality of life, sustainability, quality of place and healthy community.
Objectives : The purpose of this study is to identify the components and achieve solutions to improve the livability with respect to the structural elements of indigenous housing.This article examines the native buildings of Amlash city, as valuable examples in Guilan province. The research question is:What effect do the indigenous housing elements have on livability? What features can enhance the livability of contemporary housing?
Method: The native architecture Amlash city has been studied and its impact on livability with descriptive-analytical method. The content framework of the research is based on Rapaport's views on the influence of the architectural form of culture.
Result: In the studies, the objective and subjective characteristics of livability have been discussed.Findings show that the livability of indigenous housing is affected by elements and spaces of this architecture,which is evident in case studies.According to the results of this study, we can point to the characteristics of livability observed in the architecture of houses in Amlash, including the compatibility of the physical structure of the house with the surrounding environment, providing comfort and convenience, sense of place and identity, residents' satisfaction, and quality of life that generally emphasizes on the mental characteristics.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the qualitative characteristics of the livability of indigenous housing have been proposed for contemporary housing by providing some measures to achieve appropriate quality.
Highlight: Vitality in addressing the challenges facing citizens means a prosperous, vibrant and responsive future that provides the right quality of life.
This requires the achievement of three goals: vibrant communities, a dynamic economy, and a sustainable environment

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioavailability
  • Economics
  • Society
  • Urban Body
  • Amlash
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